Hi Sallam - those are some heavy duty questions there...
Regarding the initial install and configuration - only the provider can answer those questions - but, for $30/month, I wouldnt expect much...
May I ask why you need to run a dedicated server? Have you considered looking at a reseller account or a VPS solution (a VPS would still require server management skills) - but, some of the load - higher level, overall server hardening will be done by your provider...
If you are going to be running something where uptime is important to you - I would really avoid getting your own, unmanaged dedicated server at this point - as the questions you have raised indicate you will run into trouble. If this is juts a hobby, and uptime is unimportant, and you dont mind learning along the way - then, this may be worth trying out - if for nothing else - just to gain the experience...
If you go the dedicated server route - determine which control panel you will be running (if any at all) - and read over their technical specs on latest supported versions of apache, mysql, php and Zend Optimizer.
Also - determine which applications (if any) you plan on running and make sure you understand what requirements they have regarding versions of the above. For example - if you need to run an app that isnt compatible with php 5 - done be loading it up - even if your CP is compliant....
Make sure you have someone take a look at your server once its configured (maybe a friend, or someone else with good experience that you could work out a swap of services for maybe??) - just to do an overall scan of basic security and performance and help get you going in the right direction...
Andrew - http://www.cartikahosting.com
Business Grade, Clustered Application Hosting
Windows, Linux, Coldfusion, FreeBSD, MS Exchange and Dedicated Servers